
The
student in this course, as in all principles of economics
courses, had to first understand the logical basis for important
economic relationships. This involved learning a particular
vocabulary and distinguishing between assumptions and logical
conclusions of the argument. This material was usually presented
verbally, but numerical examples were
often used to clarify definitions and mathematical equations
were
sometimes used to make arguments precise.
Once
the underlying logic behind a relationship like the "law
of demand" was understood, the student had to be able to
represent that relationship by a graphical model. Since
economic theory is most useful in predicting responses to
changing circumstances, the student had to be able to explain
why and show how changes in the economy affected the demand
curve for a product, for example, using the graphical model.
The
third task facing the student was to integrate economic
relationships in a more complex graphical model. To understand
price determination using the simplest economic model of
supply and demand the student had to learn the logic behind
the law of demand and the law of supply, how these laws
are depicted in graphical models, how these relationships
and the corresponding graphical representations were affected
by changing economic situations, and learn how demand and
supply changes interacted to determine price.
From
the outset of the first course, students were expected to
learn how to use fairly complex, abstract models of the
behavior of firms, people, and markets to answer such questions
as: how would a rise in the tax on cigarettes affect the
price of cigarettes, the number sold and the revenue raised
by the state from the tax?